Robert Kodosky

Robert J. Kodosky, Ph.D. (Temple University) teaches military and diplomatic history at West Chester University, Pennsylvania. He is the author of The Nile Swim Club of Yeadon: A History (The History Press, 2024); Tuskegee in Philadelphia: Rising to the Challenge (The History Press, 2020), Psychological Operations American Style: The Joint United States Public Affairs Office, Vietnam and Beyond (Lexington Books, 2007). He is the co-author with Brent J. Ruswick, Ph.D., of Construction Ahead: Making American History Since 1865 (Great River Learning, 2024). Other contributions include essays in The Encyclopedia of Military Science, Kurt Piehler, Ph.D., ed., (Sage, 2013); The Routledge History of Social Protest Music, Jonathan C. Friedman, Ph.D., ed. (Routledge, 2013). His writing about about recent American history appears in a variety of other publications including the Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia.

Content by Robert Kodosky

Photograph of Class SE 43 K newly commissioned pilots (Tuskegee Airmen) at Tuskegee Army Flying School, in bomber jackets with a fighter airplane, Tuskegee, Alabama, 1942.

Outside the Frame

Without images of African Americans, depictions of important military moments are incomplete.

African-American children in a segregated swimming pool at Druid Hill Park, Baltimore, Maryland, 1955.

Members Only

With integration a legal right, swimming pools became a new battleground in the segregation fight.